The gradian (gon), also called the grad, divides a right angle into 100 equal parts, making a full circle 400 gradians. It is used primarily in surveying and some European military mapping systems, where the base-100 system simplifies decimal calculations. One gradian equals exactly 0.9 degrees.

The arcminute (′) equals 1/60 of a degree, used in astronomy, cartography, and precision navigation where fine angular resolution is needed. Stars are cataloged by their coordinates in degrees and arcminutes, and telescope pointing accuracy is often specified in arcminutes. One arcminute equals 1/60 degree or about 0.000291 radians.