The second (s) is the base unit of time in the International System of Units, defined by the vibration frequency of cesium-133 atoms. It serves as the foundation for all time measurements, from clocks and watches to GPS satellites and atomic physics. One second equals exactly 1,000 milliseconds and is divided into 60 seconds per minute.

The minute (min) is a time unit equal to 60 seconds, universally used for scheduling, cooking timers, and everyday timekeeping. Meeting durations, exercise intervals, and transportation schedules all rely on minutes as their primary unit. One minute equals exactly 60 seconds, and 60 minutes make up one hour.