The milligram (mg) is a tiny metric unit of mass equal to one-thousandth of a gram, essential in pharmaceuticals and nutrition labeling. Medication dosages, vitamin content, and food additive quantities are typically expressed in milligrams. One milligram equals approximately 0.0000353 ounces, making it the go-to unit for measuring extremely small masses.

The ounce (oz) is an imperial unit of weight equal to about 28.35 grams, widely used in the United States for food packaging, postal services, and precious metals. In the kitchen, recipes often list ingredients in ounces, and gold and silver are traded in troy ounces. One ounce equals approximately 28.35 grams.